Essential Content for Students Grades 4-5
I. Maintain and expand on concepts introduced in primary grades
II. Understand measurable attributes of objects and the units, systems, and processes of measurement
A. Understand attributes introduced in primary grades and select the appropriate unit for measuring each
B. Identify, compare, and use customary and metric units of measure appropriately
C. Convert measurements within the same system (inches to feet or centimeters to meters) and convert different measures to the same unit
D. Investigate what happens to the attributes of a geometric shape when the shape is changed, such as what happens to perimeter or area when a two-dimensional shape is changed in some way
III. Apply appropriate techniques, tools, and formulas to determine measurements
A. Develop strategies for measuring irregular geometric shapes
B. Use appropriate tools for measuring attributes
C. Select and use referents for estimating measurements
D. Develop, understand, and use formulas for area of two-dimensional geometric shapes such as rectangles, squares, triangles, and parallelograms and for surface area and volume of rectangular solids
